Light-focus-intercepting shade.



W. J. PBRKNS.

LIGHT Focus INTERGEPTING sim Patented Sept. 1, 1 914.

W. J. IERKINS.

LIGHT Focus INTERCEPTING SHADE,

APPLICATlON FILED AUG.19;1912.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. J. PERKINS.

LIGHT FOCUS INTERGEPT'ING SHADE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.19,1912,

1,109,01 3. Patented sept. 1, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l A TTORNEY.

WILLIS J. PERKINS, 0F GRAND RAPIDS, MIcHiGAN.

LIGHT-FOCUS-INTEBCEPTING SHADE i Specication ofY Letters Patent.

Patent-ed sept. 1, 1914.

Application inea Angustia, i912. serial No. 715,868.

To all wh'om itmay concern:

Be it known that I, ViLLIs J. Pilnnmss a citizen of the United States, and resident` of Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and .5 State of lllichigan, have invented a new and .useful Im rovement in Light-lfocusllnter cepting Sl'iades, of which g the following,- taken 1n connection with the accompanylng drawings, `is a specification. p ,10 My invention has relation to and is of utility in connection with vehicles of trans portation on land or water or in theair, that are 'guided and controlled in their Inovements, either as to direction or speed, or l5 both, hy a driver orpilot or other attendant. And it has particular reference to the safety convenience and protection ofthe vehicle. its attendant, occupants or passengers, and of other Avehicles' 'or pedestrians whenever 2') -artificial light service is required, as at night .or in a fog, orwhen the sunlight may interfere with the vision of the attendant, by lessening the liability of collisionV or other;y accident on account of confusion of 25 the-attendant due todazzling or blinding lights 'coming within' his frange' of vision.

jAs is well known, powerful brilliant search lights or headlights, are carried by vehiclesl of Y transportation of all types, whether for land, .water or air service, and when the lights carried by anysuch vehicle become focused Within the range ofvision of the attendantsfof other vehicles, such person` may. become blinded and confused 1+ithereby` and cannot see where the vehicle' is going, eiulangcring not only the vehicle driven and its occupants but also other vehicles or pedestrianswith which collision may be had. rl`he saine is also truc when di) Vthe sun is near the horizon so that `it nur v shine direct-ly in the eyes of the attendant.

lt isan olqect of my invention, priinaiily.v

to provide a means .of eliminating, si-,rei-.n-`

ing, cutting ont` or softening the rays of 15 light which otherwise would dazzle the at tendant as they areencountered, securing the safety' -and comfort of the orcupz'ints of .such -vehicles of t|ans|'inrtation. therebyf A further olljcrt of niv invention is to provide a light interi-.opting shade and mount it in such manner that, normally` il. is ont of the wai7 and not noticeable, yet is subject to manual operation by means of the hand. leg or tout so as to serve its shading 53 and screening lunrtions when desired.

l practical form. .Y 'I

AA still further object is to provide alight focus intercepting shade of such construction that while it`protects the attendant and others from the focal tflare or light encountered when in its abnormal'position, docs 6 0 not cut oil' theview but allows visual outlool over and under the saine, or throughobservation spaces in the shade made either by cutting out portions thereof, or by form#- V ing transparent sections therein, thus per- 65 nnttingthe line of travel of the vehicle to be clearly seen. p

Stillother objects and purposes will he' apparent as the description of the device shown in the drawings irogresses, the draw 7o ings showing practicalv and )referrlxlieini bodiments, though 'it is not attempted to showall the constructions that 'have oef.. curredl to me in reducing my' inyention to For a clear understanding vof the inven-v tion, reference may be had to the accompa` nying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an automobile with vmy invention applied Athereto,and supported from lthe windshield thereof. Fig. 2 is a view from behind thewind shield l showing the shade' in front elevation and one method Voi mounting it on vthe wind shield. Fig. 3 is a 'side-'view partly in'sc s5- tion of iny'invention, disclosing a preferred means of manually operating the shade. Fig. 4 is a plan' view of a steering wheel' showing,r the operating means for .shifting the intercepting shade` attached thereto. T51) Figs. 5 and (i are sectional views taken, re- 1 spectively, on the lines .fr-iff, and 1/-]/,`Il`ig.

,4. Figs. 7 and 8 are, respecti'ielv, a trans- Y`verse sectional viewv and a top view of the shade. Figs. 5l and l0 nlc xnodilied forms afn.; strlu-ture embodying the invention. Fig. ll shows an application of the invention to a lmaunotive'or other vchirle havingn nali-'or lmusing for (he pilot thereof. `Fig. l. is a front elevation ol' a niodilied form of'shade 11:0

. as applied to tln` winigl shiehlof an antoninbile. Fig. lll is a sectionmi line ENQ?, Fig. l2, with thil shade extrusion in retracted .i position. Fig. l-liis an rnd View of the modified iorln of shade shown in l `=igs. l2 {i1-5 and 18. .I

Similar reference' ilninerals'refcr tosiniilar parts throiiifhout tht` `several l'iows ln the preferred einbodinn-nt `ol' my invention as shown, there is prnvidcil as th llf) equivalent means may be used so long as it Y vehicle of transportation, an automobile l, lening* the usual ivimlsliielcl At the upper odge of the shield a. spring roller 3 is mounted, r-ilicr to one side or the Shield as shown in l1`igjs. l and or above. it as shown in Fig. The li, vit focus iuterceptiiig Simile 4 issupported fromtlie roller by n wins oi' a plurality of flexible conuortions 5, three of irl-rich are shown, though obviously, the number may be varied :it `will. The tendency of the roller is to wind up (lie llexible connections 5, elevating the aliado 4 to a position which it normallyrv oreupiee in close proximity to the' roller. l have usciti the spring roller :as a ready and' Convenient elevating or retracing nir-.uns but any other accomplishes the result of normally' draw- `ing the shade :may from the .line of vision of the driver. The interroi'iting simile 4 com` prises in i.s construction, a long. thin ami narrow member G, preferably ol seini-ti^ausparent material and of ouille" t strength and rigidity to be serviceable, o. it may be backed by a strip 'l of woodor other suitable material, attachment being inode means ofthe rivets The material usati in Y.providing the Somitrunspureut member may be any bestsuited Vfor the purpose, and in practice, I have used Celluloid hari'nff a. tinge or color' such that it will intercept certain of the rays of light coming from exterior white lights. It is well known that celluloi of the ordinary market type .line a yellowish or amber-like color 4which makes it a good interoepting medium for certain of the rays eomingfrom White lights,

oially those rays which have the shorteat- Wave length and which are the cause of the blinding and Confusion of vision when permitted to enter the eye. Rays of greater wave length not thus intercepted. and rofl or green rays freely ass. This is of especial value when my ii volition is used with locomotives, electric-i cars, and with water' vehicles, where the red and green signal lights must be clearlyseen; Such material accordingly serves all a partial screen for the passage of ee'rtaiu -unobjeotionable rays but intercepting thoselwliieli are objectionable on amount of the"r blinding' qualities. shown the ends tf strip 7 extend. a irt distaroe ieyond tlieenrls of the moin-- ber( 6 azll'ordmg projections to which the flexible connections 5 "may be attached. semi-transparent member Sis proviclerl at intervals Witi observation spaces orl openings 9, formed either by `cutting away a. portion of the member 6, or by roviding trans parent sections in the memieij 6 at the desired places. The shade extends across and nearly the full Width of the wind siiiolrl shown though its length may be varied at will to suit different conditions anni jtlie on servation .sp-.1 ees may be located in the simile .eeptinv aliado, a suitable llexible connecting and. may be provided in number to suit the convenience :i d desires of the attendant so as to produce the most satisfactory results.

To sont-rol the movements of the intermeune- 10 is attached thereto, and leads flown into and 'through a guieliugtube or conduit ll, wliirli attached and lielcl firmly in position und is bont and shaped so as to carry the flexible counertion to the foot yand in Close proximity to the steering post 12. Other r'iilalile guirling means' obviously may ne i to carry the flexible connection. The 5l connecting (le-vice 1l extends to lie y of the steering posiL` to the steering l, and guirlerlorer the small roller 1A, terminating at itsl free end in a able operating means suoli as the rin l5.I or its equivalent. The pulley is mounte on nn erm l@ ol the steering' wheel and close 85 to t'no it lil by means of the brackets 17 final elem@ bei... ne: shown in Fig. 5. At mail or tne arm. l@ and near the the our r `l.e wheel, one or more take-up rolle mounte". turning freely on suit- 9:) mils 30, which are supported from the 'ours ,y ao shown in Fifi. (i, and located Sore distance mart to suitably space the rollers Jfrom earl?. other. These rollers 19 Servo to carry and guide the flexible conneetion l0 eroi change its rlirection of movement when it is manually operated to shift tile simule eo that the hand operating the flexible eonneotion l() need not be taken from the wheel or slliited materially along tlie rim of the Wheel. l

The operation and lutility .of the constructionrlesoriberl will be reaclily apparent. iieu it is desired to sliafle the eyes from the foral glare of an exterior light the operator takes mold of' the terminal enlargement to. the membro' l0, in this oase the ring and by pulling thereon, shifts the vslimle 4f from ite'normal position .to suoli` position before tbe eyes that it intercepts 11o the rays of light that would` ordinarily freely enter and blind or confuse the operator. I have infilo-sited this operation in Fig.

l. *he *fr interoeplerl by the shade A so as not t` g its usual 115 pail; ir "fri line extension. The t ,uit the. flisrl tariffe tile o away m itsfpi* tion vertically W (met to thefrlrive'or attenif et. ami as twee factors vary; `Vthe 12o afliustment of the shade may eorrpaponci it ol'ir'zoua, as tiielshade is close to the eyes of 'tloattenilli ant in' omar son to the (lis-tance that'it' is from the ieri-or light, that a very narrow shading section will serve irateroe kt anal.' out out tile light 'foune center o V-liglirf which furnishes 'the rlire't i blinding rays from higl'i power uol with tis narrow elialle .rw1r led.

'light focus interceptingshade, the ring 15.

will he between the roller 14 and the periphery of the wheel 1?. Upon operating thc shade into intercepting position. the,

llexihle operating connetit-in 10 will be draavn' outward and in order that in' operatf ing,r the saint` the hand need not he removed from the steering wheel, l have provided the talteup rollers 1t). so that the lexihle,

connection l() may be turned and its.tlirec tion ot' movement changed so that when the shade is shifted a considerable degree, the controlling hand need he moved but slightly alone" the rim of the wheel. This operation fully shown in Fig. 4. l have shown tivo rollers i9, which nurnhcr. however, may ne varied. lilith the-co tion shown, the hand may he moved in either direction along the wheel. hy guiding the connection l0 around either roller. or if the screen is shifted a. eonsiderahla distance, the connection 10 may loe wrapped about both rollers thereby limiting the movement of the hand that controls the shade and re.-

lquiringry .but small displacement thereof from itsnorinal position on the Wheel.

lVhile I have heretofore described the light focus intercepting shade as appliedto an auttunohile and as supported on the wind slield thereof, it is of course obvious that it is not limited. to such spe ".c application. In Fig. t? there is shown a modification which may he applied to vehicles of transportation not having Wind shields, whether automobiles, or Vehicles drawn hy horses. or other carriers. A pair of upright stanchions 22 carry the spring roller f3 and the shade 4, and such stanchions take the place of the wind shield as a support there`` for. As there would be considerable sind pressure tending to--force the shade haelt ivard upon rapid movement ofthe vehicle, l have extended the ends oi the strip l" to pass into grmivcs in the stanchions QQ, to 'over-` come such tendency.

ln Fig. 10 l have shown a still further modification, use being made of the well known parallel link nilovement. A pair of parallel arms 23 are pivotally mounted on the. vertically adjustable sleeve 24, which sleeve is positioned on the upright lo` cated alonf the side of the seat 26. This upright may he one of the supporting stand arfls: carrying the top over the seat Q6 or it may he supported from any suitable point of vant-age and he used only lto vsupport tho light shade. At the ouhr ends of the parallel arms Q3 they are connected by a link 2T parallel to the uprights 25. A. flexible connection attached to the upper arm and panini,` over roller 28 mounted on upright 25, leads into the reecss 29' in the seat hack and has attached to its end the `weight 30. `The tendency of the weight is to lift the arms 23 and link 27. With one of such parallel lilik structures mounted at each end of the seat, and the shadevt extending between and supported in position liy the links 27, there is provided a practical working -device equivalent in function to the other embodiment described. One desiring to screen the eyes from an exterior light may grasp the lower arm 23 and draw the intercepting shade down to theidesired position. l/Vhen ,the light has removed from 'visual range, the'arm may be released upon which the shade will be automatically re-v tractcd to normal position. ther equivalent means of operation will readily occur to those skilled 1n the mechanic arts.

ln Fig. 11, I have shown an application of my invention to the cab of a locomotive, and the same may he applied in like manner to the Apilot ,house of a water going vessel or to an aeroplane. The roller and shade 4 are applied at the look-out Window of the cab or pilot house, and the flexible connection lO that seri/esto control the shade movement engages with a stop means 3l against which the ring 15 normally is drawn. The engineer on meeting a train, or in passing through cities where bright lights are liable to confuse and inconvenience himor when facing the sun, will shift the shade in the usual manner to intercept such lights. It is especially to he desired that an engineer shall be ahlc to see when entering and pass ing through cities as in such crowded centers accidents are most liable to happen. The pilot of a water going vessel will also he benelited in like manner as will he readily understoo-d. i I

There are many vehicles, especially among automobis, in which the driven is at the left side, and the View ahead is morel likely to be ,to the side of the wind, shield than through `it. In such caw, a shade ext-ending. only within the confines of the wind shield would he of little or no service. vlit is to provide for this cor that I have dcsigned the modiiiration shown in Figs. 12, 13 and 14. an extension to the usual 'shade of the type already described which projects to the left beyond the outer edge.of the wind shield hut which is capable. of 'being retracted to within the confines of the Wind shield. And here it may he noted that in all instances whether with a right or left hand drive, the- 'n eiect it consists in addiig service portion or zone of the shield which is of utility in aiding the driver is located to one side of the direct line of vision of the driver ahead, that is, it is located to that side on which approaching vehicles carrying lights, or of objects which are met in the course of travel must pass. ln this country the law of the road is that a vehicle must turn to the right and, accordingly, the service zone must be to the 'left of the driver. lf, however, in any state or in foreign countries the rule 'is'dii'ereim the service zone must he on the other side. In any event it is imperative that the driver be protected from objects passing on the legally required side and it is `tor this purpose that I provide the extension for the left hand side drive. And While I have Vshown the shade member as extending across the full Width of the windshield` it is clear that it is so constructed merely for the purpose of extending it to the side of the wind Shield Where the supporting cord would be most inconspicuous. So that in itsessence the invention consists in supplying the shade in snch relationto the driver'that when he is operating the car his vision ahead will not be obstructed to any appreciable extent such that he cannot avoid it by a slight movement of his head while glaring lights to the side on which light carrying vehicles must pass will be shaded and his eyes protected from the glare by reason of the laterally extending service 'zone of the shade. Therefore I have sup- -plied this extension for use in case ot lett hand side drives and which may be made in a variety of Ways but as I have shown it, it has sliding` engagement with the main shade member 4, and may be manually positioned with reference to the main shade 4 as desired either ext-ending out beyond the wind shield as shown in Fig. l2, the position it will occupy when in use, or retracted vlwithin the conliues of the Wind shield as shown in Fig. 13, this being its position when not in use. To eliect this sliding movement, the extension member is attached to the channel member 33; the Hanges of which arc turned toward each other and seat in guides formed in the upper and lowersidcs of strip 7 of the main shade member 4. The part 32 is of the same material as strip 6 and may have observation spaces or sections in the same manner. An extension 3l is attached to the shade 4 in this modification and its free end has engagement with groove in the wind shield trame.` whereby -when the Vextension for the shade is in outer position, the wind pressure that will be eX- erted against it will not cause the shade av whole to flv backward or vibrate undulv as would he the case if no provision were made to overcdme it.

l have'fully described complete and practically operative embodiments oit my invention and haveI indicated some applications thereof. It is to be understood, however that while of great value and utility as applied to automobiles, locomotives, boats, etc., it is not in any sense limited thereto. To those skilled in the art 0tlier-instances of application, and other forms of structure will readily occur. The embodiments shown and described are accordingly to be considered only as diagrammatic and illustrative and in no respect as limiting, the invention itself including all inodiiications coming properly within the scope of the appended claims. Y

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In combination, a. motor driven and manually guided vehicle, an adjustable light focus intercepting shade supported on the vehicle, and flexible connecting means leading from the shade to the guiding means of the vehicle whereby the shade may he manually shifted from the vehicle guiding means. Q. ln a motor driven and manually guided vehicle, a Wind shield, a light focus intercepting shade supported from and adjustable with respect to the Wind shield, and flexible connecting means leading from light focus intercepting shade to the guiding means for the vehicle. f

3. A light focus interceptiiig shade, comprising a strip of material that intercepts the free passage of light, a reinforcing member located lengthwise of the' strip, the main shading member extending to either side of the reinforcing member, and, a plurality of observation sections in said shade.

'l. A light focus intercepting shade comprising a strip of light intercepting material and a plurality of sections in said strip permitting the free passage of light.

In combination, a motor driven 03H13" ing vehicle adapted-`to he controlled in its movements byan attendant, steering means therefor. a Wind shield, a narrow light in tereepting shade positioned back of the Wlnd.' shield and lying in substantially horizontal position said shade serving to shield the eyes of the attendant or others from eX- terior lights and a connecting device interposed between the shade and the steering means.

6. In combination, a carrying vehicle adapted to he controlled in its movements by an attendant, a. manually controlled adjustable light focus intercepting shade supported on the vehicle, and an extension to the shade adapted to he located Within the dimensional limits of the shade or to be eX- tended beyond the end thereof.

7 A light focus intercepting shadeeomprising a main or body member, and an ex- -ing from the shade to the steering wheel,

tension thereto adapted to be located within the dimensional limits of the main or body member or to be extended beyond the end thereof.

8. In combination, a motor driven and manually guided vehicle, an adjustable light focus intercepting shade supported on the vehicle, a steering post and wheel, and means attached to the shade and leading to the foot of the steering post, thence to the wheel whereby the shade may be adjusted.

9. In combination, a motor driven and manually guided vehicle, an adjustable light focus intercepting shade supported on the vehicle, means leading from the shade whereby its adjustment may be controlled, a

uiding means for th vehicle, the shade adjusting means having operative connection therewith, and means whereby the shade adjusting means may be retained Within reach of the hand of the attendant of the vehicle on the guidin means.

10. In com ination, a motor driven and manually guided vehicle, an adjustable light focus intereepting shade supported on the vehicle, a steering wheel, means for controlling the adjustment of the shade lead and means located on the Wheel whereby the controlling means may be operated without taking the hand from the wheel.

11. In combination, a motor driven and manually guided vehicle, an adjustable light focus intercepting shade supported on the vehicle, a steering wheel, flexible connecting l means leading from the shade to the steering l wheel, and a roller located on the wheel around which the flexible connecting means may be turned to always keep said means within reach of the guiding hand on the wheel.

12. In combination, a vehicle, a light intercepting medium llocated at the front of the vehicle, said medium including por tion partially intercepting the rays of light coming thereto, means to support said medium and means to adjust said medium back and forth in a fixed transverse and vertical plane of location with reference to the body of the vehicle, said adjusting means being manually operable at will to intermittently shift said medium to and from a desired position.

13. In combination, a carrying vehicle adapt-ed to be controlled in its movements by an attendant of a light intercepting medium supported at the front of the normal position of the attendant, said medium formed of material which partially intercepts the rays of light coming thereto, and means leading from the mediuland attached thereto by which it may be manually adjusted back and forth from a desired position, for the purpose stated.

14. In combination, a vehicle adapted to be controlled in its movements by an attendant, a light intercepting medium supported on the vehicle in front of the normal driving position of the attendant, said medium comprising a member which partially intercepts the rays of light coming thereto, and means to operate the medium through a fixed transverse and vertical plane of location with respect to the vehicle back and forth from a desired position in front of the attendant.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIS J. PERKINS. `Witnesses:

W. Lu Roy PERKINS, PETER TAYLOR. 

